1.1
sol:
10 mg/m^3 => 10^-5 mg/m^3
∵ M=V×ρ => V=M/ρ
M= 10^-5 mg = 10^-11 kg
ρ= 1000 kg/m^3
∴ V= 10^-11 / 1000 = 10^-14 m^3 = 10^-8 cm^3
∵ diameter= 1μm= 10^-6 m
∴ 半徑r= 0.5×10^-6= 5×10^-7m
∴ V for particle= π˙(5×10^-7)^3˙(4/3)
=5.24×10^-19 m^3
∴ (5.24×10^-19)˙X=10^-14
∴ X=19083≒19100
#
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1.2
sol:
Q1.
particles= 20mg=2*10^-5 kg
diameter=0.4μm=4*10^-7 m ∴ 半徑r=2*10^-7 m
ρ= std. density=1000 kg/m^3
∵M=V×ρ => V=M/ρ=2*10^-5/1000 = 2*10^-8 m^3
V for particles= (2*10^-7)^3˙π˙(4/3)
= 3.35*10^-20
∵(3.35*10^-20)˙X=2*10^-8
∴X=6*10^11
#
Q2.
20/350 mg/ml = 20/350 mg/ml ˙ 1kg/10^6 mg ˙ 1ml/10^-6 m^3
後者因次可以全部消去
∴所求=20/350=0.057 kg/m^3
#
Q3.
0.057 kg/m^3=57 g/m^3= 57*10^6 μg/m^3
與美國Pm10標準相比較,所求
=(57*10^6)/50
=114000≒1.1*10^6
#
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1.5
sol:
20 mg=2*10^-5 kg
M=V×ρ => V=M/ρ=2*10^-5/1000 = 2*10^-8 m^3
∵diameter=0.4μm=4*10^-7 m ∴半徑r=2*10^-7
V for particles =(2*10^-7)^3˙π˙(4/3)
= 3.35*10^-20
(3.35*10^-20)˙X= 2*10^-8
∴X=6*10^11
∴area(面積)=4˙π˙r^2
=4˙π˙(2*10^-7)^2˙6*10^11
=0.30
#
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1.8
sol:
M=V×ρ => V=M/ρ=1/1=1cm^3
∴diameter=0.1μm=1*10^-7m
r=5*10^-8m
V=π˙(5*10^-8)^3˙4/3
=5.24*10^-22 m^3
=5.24*10^-16 cm^3
∴(5.24*10^-6)˙X=1
∴X=1.9*10^15
∴ area = 4˙π˙(5*10^-8)^2˙(1.9*10^15)
=60 m^2
#
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1.9
sol:
設球的半徑=r
則
圓柱體的底圓半徑=0.2r
球體之體積=4*π*r^3*(4/3)
圓柱體之體積=(0.2r)^2*π*H(高)
∵題目假設兩者體積相等
∴
4*π*r^3*(4/3)=(0.2r)^2*π*H
πr^3(16/3)=0.04r^2*π*H
兩邊π、r^2互消
∴H(高)=0.75r
球體之表面積=4πr^2
圓柱體之表面積=兩底圓面積+側邊面積(底圓周長*高)
=0.08πr^2+3πr^2
=0.38πr^2
∴圓柱體表面積:球體表面積≒0.38:1
#
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